Arms · Dumbbells or barbell

How to do bicep curls

The curl is the most performed and worst performed lift in the gym — almost every stalled set comes down to the elbow travelling instead of the forearm.

Muscles worked: Biceps brachii, Brachialis, Forearm flexors

How to do it

  1. Stand tall, arms straight, palms facing forward, elbows pinned lightly to the ribs.
  2. Curl by bending the elbow only — the upper arm should stay where it started.
  3. Stop when the forearm is just past vertical, before the shoulder takes over.
  4. Squeeze hard for a count, then lower over three seconds to a fully straight arm.
  5. Pause a beat at the bottom so the next rep starts from muscle, not momentum.

Mistakes to avoid

  • Swinging the hips to start the rep, which moves load onto the lower back.
  • Half reps at the bottom — the stretched position is where most growth is earned.
  • Chasing weight over control; a curl you can only heave is a shoulder exercise.

Sets and reps

GoalPrescription
Size3–4 sets of 8–12 reps, 60–90s rest
Strength4 sets of 6 reps with a 3-second lower
Weekly volume10–16 hard sets across two sessions

Swaps and alternatives

  • Incline dumbbell curl Loads the long head in a deeper stretch.
  • Cable curl Tension stays on through the top of the rep.
  • Chin-up Heaviest biceps loading you can get with bodyweight.

Common questions

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